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Aflevering 3, 2021 Alle samenvattingen uitklappen
Artikel

Access_open Risicoprofiling of risicovolle profiling tijdens grenscontroles?

Naar een verantwoord gebruik van proactieve risicoprofielen door rechtshandhavingsinstanties

Trefwoorden risk profiling, crime prevention, risk profiles, false positives, security method
Auteurs Jop Van der Auwera en Lore Van de Velde
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie

    Although risk profiling can by no means be considered as a ‘new’ crime prevention tool, its application has gained popularity over the years. Both in the screening of asylum seekers, in border control at airports (e.g. behavioural profiling or the use of risk profiles in the European Passenger Information Unit) and in the designation of hotspots at the local level (e.g. the Crime Anticipation System), attempts are now being made to identify persons with criminal intentions more often on the basis of ordinal risk assessment tools. This sudden increase in popularity is not remarkable, since random police patrols or undirected security checks have long been shown to have negligible impact on crime reduction. Risk profiles, on the other hand, have a certain potential for shaping more effectively the interventions by law enforcement authorities at border crossing points. Nevertheless, the use of such profiles also raises some pertinent questions. It is precisely in the light of this ambivalence that the present theoretical contribution will consider the pitfalls and success factors of risk profiling during border checks, in order to determine when one can speak of ‘risk profiling’ and when the concept of ‘risky profiling’ must be used.


Jop Van der Auwera
Jop Van der Auwera is vrijwillig wetenschappelijk medewerker aan de Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Faculteit Rechtsgeleerdheid. jop.vanderauwera@kuleuven.be

Lore Van de Velde
Lore Van de Velde is advocaat aan de balie van Antwerpen.
Artikel

Burgers als institutioneel werkers. Een nieuw perspectief op burgerparticipatie in veiligheid

Trefwoorden institutional work, citizen participation, fire, disruption, actor perspective
Auteurs Jasper Bongers en Wim de Jong
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie

    In this article we show how the concept of ‘institutional work’ can be used to study citizen participation in the field of security arrangements. Institutional work starts from the perspective of actors trying to influence security institutions, and not from the perspective of government (as concepts like the ‘participation society’ and ‘ladder’ do). As such, this dynamic concept can be a useful addition to the conceptual arsenal of security experts. By applying the concept to the case of the Voluntary Fire Brigade in nineteenth-century Utrecht (1879-1890) we show how institutional work can work in practice. Finally, we reflect on the contribution that institutional work can make to our understanding of citizen participation in the field of safety.


Jasper Bongers
Jasper Bongers is promovendus aan de Open Universiteit. jasper.bongers@ou.nl

Wim de Jong
Wim de Jong is postdoc aan de Universiteit van Amsterdam en Radboud Universiteit. wpthdejong@gmail.com
Artikel

De toepassing van artikel 13b Opiumwet en de positie van de burgemeester

De praktijk in Midden- en West-Brabant

Trefwoorden local government, undermining crime, position of mayor, development of Opium Act (art. 13b)
Auteurs Pieter Tops en Jan-Piet de Vries
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie

    In the reduction of undermining crime in the Netherlands, the role of local government has become more important over the past decade. One of the means used for this is Article 13b of the Opium Act (the Damocles Act). That has evolved from a way of closing down local dealer properties to a means of disrupting the criminal drug world. In this article we analyse the developments that the application of the article has gone through. We make an inventory of the actual use of the article in a region known as one of the hotbeds of subversive crime in the Netherlands, the region of West and Central Brabant. Finally, we will discuss the consequences that application of the article has for the position of the mayor. Does this lead to a mayorship in which this officer becomes more of a ‘sheriff’ and less of a mayor? We show that this is not the case.


Pieter Tops
Pieter Tops is bijzonder hoogleraar aan de Universiteit Leiden en bij JADS in ’s-Hertogenbosch en lector aan de Politieacademie. p.e.w.m.tops@fgga.leidenuniv.nl en pieter.tops@outlook.com

Jan-Piet de Vries
Jan-Piet de Vries was coördinator handhaving (aanpak drugscriminaliteit en coffeeshops) bij de gemeente Tilburg en is nu werkzaam bij de dienst Justis van het ministerie van Justitie en Veiligheid. janpietdevries@hotmail.com en j.p.de.vries@justis.nl
Artikel

Naar een adequate aanpak van naastplaatsingen

Onderzoek naar verklarende factoren voor het probleem van afval naast containers Dit artikel is gebaseerd op onderzoek van De Vries, Epskamp en Ergun uit 2019 (zie De Vries et al., 2019).

Trefwoorden feelings of unsafety, overflowing garbage containers, litter
Auteurs Chris de Vries, Martijn Epskamp en Julien van Ostaaijen
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie

    Litter in the street is a great annoyance for many people, especially in the large cities. This includes overflowing garbage containers caused by people incorrectly placing garbage: next to these containers. In this study, carried out in the municipality of Rotterdam, we have developed a model that provides insight into which factors contribute to where this is done (or not). In summary, days when people are not working, the number of people that depend on the container(s), the bonding and social cohesion of that group, and the social-economic circumstances of the people in that group are the most important factors in determining at which container locations people incorrectly place their garbage. These insights provide starting points for an effective municipal approach to overflowing garbage containers and thereby reducing the residents’ feelings of nuisance and unsafety.


Chris de Vries
Chris de Vries is als onderzoeker werkzaam bij Gemeente Rotterdam.

Martijn Epskamp
Martijn Epskamp is als onderzoeker werkzaam bij Gemeente Rotterdam.

Julien van Ostaaijen
Julien van Ostaaijen is als lector Recht & Veiligheid werkzaam bij Avans Hogeschool en als universitair docent Bestuurskunde bij Tilburg University.