Since the publication of a special issue in TvC (the Dutch Journal of Criminology) on the spatial distribution of crime, about fifteen years ago, a vast number of developments have been observed in the field of social ecology and environmental criminology. During this period many studies have been undertaken in the Netherlands and Belgium. However, there still is room for progress, e.g. through the study of new contexts beyond the traditional boundaries of residential neighbourhoods and through the use of promising new methodologies and technological developments. This special issue provides some examples of such innovative research on environmental influences on crime. In this introductory article the authors provide an overview of the background of the theme, and discuss recent theoretical and methodological developments. They move on to discuss contemporary studies that have been carried out in the Netherlands and Belgium, and outline some desirable and necessary future developments. Finally, the authors provide the reader with an overview of the other contributions to this special issue. |
Tijdschrift voor Criminologie
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Artikel |
Ruimtelijke criminologieVan woonbuurt tot cyberspace en van politiestatistiek tot space-time budgets |
Trefwoorden | environmental influences, social ecology, environmental criminology, studies in the Netherlands and Belgium |
Auteurs | Prof. dr. Lieven Pauwels, Dr. Frank Weerman, Dr. Wim Bernasco e.a. |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
Artikel |
Collective efficacy, sociaal kapitaal en ‘fear of crime’Een evaluatie van contextuele effecten op drie aspecten van onveiligheidsbeleving |
Trefwoorden | collective efficacy, social capital, disorder, fear of crime, multi-level |
Auteurs | Dr. Wim Hardyns en Prof. dr. Lieven Pauwels |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
The present study investigates the existence of independent effects of community level social processes on fear of crime. Attention is paid to social trust and informal control, two dimensions of Sampson’s famous concept of collective efficacy. The model is tested on three well-known dimensions of fear of crime: perceived risk of victimisation, emotional fear and avoidance behaviour. The results suggest an independent effect of neighbourhood social trust on all three dimensions, when control is hold for demographic background variables and individual levels of social capital. The effect of neighbourhood social trust is mediated by neighbourhood disorder. |
Artikel |
Effect van tippelzones op lokale criminaliteit |
Trefwoorden | location, tippelzone, prostitution, perceived crime, police registration |
Auteurs | Drs. Paul Bisschop, Drs. Stephen Kastoryano en Prof. dr. Bas van der Klaauw |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
This paper studies the effects of legal street prostitution zones (tippelzones) on crime. In the past decade some cities closed their tippelzone, while other cities opened one. We use data on both registered crime and crime perception. The results from our difference-in-difference model show that tippelzones decrease registered crime but increase perceived crime. The effects of closing are larger than the effects of opening a tippelzone. |
Artikel |
Het effect van intensief surveilleren vlak bij en vlak na een eerdere inbraak |
Trefwoorden | burglary, experiment, police surveillance, near-repeat, contagiousness |
Auteurs | Marlijn Peeters MSc, Jasper van der Kemp MSc, Guillaume Beijers MSc e.a. |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
Can a fruitful police surveillance scheme be based on supposedly increased risk immediately after and around a previous burglary (‘near repeat phenomenon’)? An experiment in Amstelveen has been set up and analysed for this purpose. Some neighbourhoods got a ‘near repeat surveillance’ scheme, and the occurrence of burglary in those areas has been compared with control neighbourhoods elsewhere in town. We observed a change in the near repeat pattern in the experimental area, but no net effect on burglary rates, presumably because of large between-neighbourhood variance in incidence. |
Artikel |
Virtuele ontmoetingsruimtes voor cybercriminelen |
Trefwoorden | offender convergence settings, cyber crime, phishing, carding |
Auteurs | Dr. Melvin Soudijn en Eileen Monsma MSc |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
Felson introduced the concept of offender convergence settings in his articles on situational crime prevention. He refers to physical locations where criminals get together to relax, share information, fence stolen goods, plot new crimes, etc. Such places come in the form of restaurants and cafes that are in the hands of the ‘underworld’, but may equally well consist of deserted schoolyards where unruly adolescents gather. According to Felson, such settings facilitate the committing of crimes and enable the creation of structure and continuity in criminal networks. |
Artikel |
Technische hulpmiddelen en doelwitselectie bij woninginbraakEen experimenteel onderzoek naar het gebruik van Google Maps en Google Street View |
Trefwoorden | burglary, targetselection, technology, Google Maps, Street View |
Auteurs | Dr. Stijn Van Daele, Drs. Marlijn Peeters, Drs. Christophe Vandeviver e.a. |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
Technological progress has a great impact on the lives of many citizens. The increasing amount of available information may however be used by criminals too, for example by burglars in their search for a suitable target. Applying the rational choice perspective and by means of an experiment with students, this paper first investigates whether it is likely or not that tools such as Google Maps and Google Street View are used for burglary. Furthermore, we investigate whether the considered target characteristics differ when such tools are used. The results indicate that we cannot give an affirmative answer to these questions so far. |
Artikel |
Omgevingscriminologie 2.0Criminologisch onderzoek in een virtuele omgeving |
Trefwoorden | virtual environments, research methods, disorder |
Auteurs | Dr. Gabry Vanderveen en Dr. Monique Koemans |
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie |
Criminological research on perceptions and behavior in an environmental context, scarcely uses virtual environments. Such virtual environments are available on the Internet or can be created. They can be presented to research participants either online or in a laboratory setting. This article gives a brief overview of criminological studies employing a virtual environment and describes a case study that used a virtual environment in order to investigate disorder. Despite the pitfalls, there are certainly possibilities for (criminological) research in virtual environments. The spatial context provided by a virtual environment, seems suitable for research in environmental criminology in particular. |
Praktijk |
Stedelijke criminaliteit en rechtshandhaving in het verledenEen greep uit recent historisch onderzoek |
Auteurs | Dr. Margo De Koster |
Auteursinformatie |
Boekbespreking |
Maffia, diamanten en MozartEtnografie in criminologisch onderzoek |
Auteurs | Prof. dr. Mattijs van de Port |
Auteursinformatie |
Boekbespreking |
De handdruk van de onderwereld |
Auteurs | Prof. dr. Tom Vander Beken |
Boekbespreking |
Small numbers, big problemsHet levensverhaal en (jeugd)delinquente traject van vrouwelijke gedetineerden |
Auteurs | Dr. Anne-Marie Slotboom |
Auteursinformatie |
Diversen |
Criminaliteit en internet |
Agenda |
Agenda |
Diversen |
Jaarregister 2012 |