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Tijdschrift voor Criminologie

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Aflevering 1, 2010 Alle samenvattingen uitklappen
Artikel

De ovenbouwers van de Holocaust

Een casestudie van organisatiecriminaliteit

Trefwoorden Tweede Wereldoorlog, Holocaust, Organisatiecriminaliteit, Duitsland
Auteurs Prof. dr. Wim Huisman en BSc Annika van Baar
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie

    In this article, theories on organisational crime are applied to the involvement of the German corporation Topf & Söhne in the Holocaust. This corporation produced ovens for various concentration and destruction camps in Germany and Poland and contributed significantly to the execution of the Holocaust with their innovative products. The motivation to procure these ovens to the SS does not seem to stem from force, ideological agreement or maximisation of profit. Instead loss-minimisation and a ‘culture of perfection’ seem to form the explanation. Opportunity was provided by the Nazi-Germany regime and the knowledge and skills were already at hand within the organisation. Because of the close collaboration between these two parties, this case can be qualified as a form of state-corporate crime. Administrative, political and social control was absent and neutralisations only seem to have been formed after the Holocaust. The analysis shows how theories about ‘regular’ organisational criminality can form an explanation of the involvement of corporations in international crimes.


Prof. dr. Wim Huisman
Prof. dr. W. Huisman is hoogleraar Criminologie aan de Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, w.huisman@rechten.vu.nl.

BSc Annika van Baar
A. van Baar BSc. is student-assistent aan de Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, a.vanbaar@rechten.vu.nl.
Artikel

De stilte rondom Madoff

Trefwoorden Fraude, Madoff, Oplichting, Verenigde Staten
Auteurs Prof. dr. Henk van de Bunt
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie

    This article focuses on the Madoff case which came to light at the end of 2008. Remarkable for this case is that Madoff could go on with his scam for a very long time. Failing supervision was not the only reason for this. Madoff’s qualities – disguising the illegal activities and his social stature – cannot explain the whole puzzle. The social network, a ‘secret society’ and the fact that people involved went on with it, even when knowing that ‘it was too good to be true’ are explained in this article.


Prof. dr. Henk van de Bunt
Henk van de Bunt is hoogleraar criminologie aan de Erasmusuniversiteit te Rotterdam, vandebunt@frg.eur.nl.
Artikel

Kinderen van gedetineerde moeders

Een studie naar het gedrag en welbevinden van kinderen met een moeder in de gevangenis

Trefwoorden Kinderen, Gedetineerde moeders, Sociale omstandigheden
Auteurs Dr. Menno Ezinga en Drs. Sanne Hissel
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie

    Little is known about children when the mothers are imprisoned. Especially in the Netherlands, hardly any empirical research has been conducted regarding the whereabouts and psychological well-being of children with incarcerated mothers. We visited and collected data from four female prisons. Via the mothers’ consent we contacted the children and their caregivers. First, we conducted a semi-structured interview about the wellbeing of the child during the separation through detention of mother and child. Second, we asked mothers and caregivers to complete checklists of behavioral problems. The caretaking situation turned out to be diverse. Generally, the children experienced both internalizing and externalizing behavioural problems and specific problems associated with the detention of their mothers. The well-being of the children seems to be partially related with the incarceration of the mother. However, it also turned out that quite a few risk factors such as a broken home and neglect is present for the child being raised. Results are discussed as well as some recommendations for future research.


Dr. Menno Ezinga
Dr. M.A.J. Ezinga is universitair docent bij de Afdeling Strafrecht en Criminologie van de Vrije Universiteit, M.ezinga@rechten.vu.nl.

Drs. Sanne Hissel
Drs. S.C.E.M. Hissel is als promovendus verbonden aan het Phoolan Devi instituut, in een samenwerkingsverband tussen de afdeling Orthopedagogiek, de afdeling Strafrecht en Criminologie, en het NSCR, Shissel@nscr.nl.
Artikel

Objectiviteit of schijnzekerheid?

Kwaliteit, mogelijkheden en beperkingen van instrumenten voor risicotaxatie

Trefwoorden Risicotaxatieinstrumenten, Meta-evaluatie, Risicotaxatie
Auteurs Dr. Joke Harte en MSc Minke Breukink
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie

    Increasingly, instruments for risk assessment have been used for the assessment of future violence. This article provides an overview of the risk assessment instruments that are used in the Netherlands for the prediction of criminal recidivism. The quality of these instruments is regarded by examining studies on the interrater reliability and the predictive validity. The benefits as well as the limitations of risk assessment instruments are discussed. It is concluded that these instruments can be valuable, especially for research on treatment effects in the field of forensic psychiatry. On the other hand, it has to be acknowledged that with risk assessment instruments, the possibility to predict criminal recidivism on individual level is still limited. Psychologist and psychiatrists, presenting a mental health assessment to the court, have to inform the judge correctly about these limitations.


Dr. Joke Harte
Dr. J.M. Harte is senior onderzoeker bij het Nederlands Studiecentrum Criminaliteit en Rechtshandhaving (NSCR) en universitair docent Criminologie, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, jharte@nscr.nl.

MSc Minke Breukink
M.D. Breukink MsC was student criminologie aan de Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam en participeerde in dit onderzoek in het kader van haar afstudeerproject, minkebreukink@live.nl.
Artikel

Digitale en traditionele bedreiging vergeleken

Een studie naar risicofactoren van slachtofferschap

Trefwoorden Bedreiging, Slachtofferschap, Cybercriminaliteit, Internet
Auteurs dr. Johan van Wilsem
SamenvattingAuteursinformatie

    Computers and the internet offer new ways to offenders for committing crimes. The present article uses routine activity theory and large-scale victimization survey data (N=6,896) to study digital threat victimization (i.e. threats people receive by email or chat rooms) in the general population. It assesses risk factors for digital threats and compares them with risk factors for receiving traditional threats and a mixture of digital and traditional threats. The results show that youngsters and offenders of digital crime run higher risks of all types of threat victimization. In extension, outdoor routine activities increase the risk not only of traditional threats but of digital threats as well, while the same holds for certain computer activities (e.g. having a profile on Hyves). These findings point towards the connection of social interactions between people in the physical and digital world. Finally, the results suggest that impulsive people are more vulnerable to threat victimization.


dr. Johan van Wilsem
Dr. Johan van Wilsem is werkzaam als universitair docent criminologie, Universiteit Leiden, J.A.van.Wilsem@law.leidenuniv.nl.
Boekbespreking

‘Angst voor criminaliteit’

Een onderzoekstraditie met uitdagingen

Auteurs dr. Gabry Vanderveen
Auteursinformatie

dr. Gabry Vanderveen
Dr. G.N.G. Vanderveen is universitair docent bij het Instituut voor Strafrecht & Criminologie van de Universiteit Leiden. Tevens was zij van 2008-2010 associate lector Public Reassurance bij de Hogeschool INHolland, g.n.g.vanderveen@law.leidenuniv.nl.

dr. Bert Berghuis
Dr. A.C. Berghuis is raadadviseur op het beleidsterrein van criminaliteit en rechtshandhaving bij het ministerie van Justitie, a.c.berghuis@minjus.nl.
Boekbespreking

Criminele kinderen

Auteurs dr. Machteld Hoeve
Auteursinformatie

dr. Machteld Hoeve
Dr. M. Hoeve is universitair docent bij forensische orthopedagogiek aan de Universiteit van Amsterdam, m.hoeve@uva.nl.
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